African Gold Smuggling: A Multibillion-Dollar Concern

Gold smuggling from Africa to destinations like the United Arab Emirates (UAE) has escalated significantly over the past decade, raising transparency and regulatory concerns. According to Swissaid’s analysis, over $30 billion worth of African gold, mined largely by small-scale miners, was smuggled out in 2022 alone, with the UAE emerging as the primary recipient. This surge in illicit gold trade underscores the growth of artisanal mining into a massive industry involving millions, rivaling industrial mining in output.

The scale of smuggling not only results in significant revenue losses for African countries but also poses risks of money laundering, terrorist financing, and sanctions evasion. While the UAE claims to have implemented regulations to address smuggling concerns, discrepancies in export-import data highlight the challenges in tracking and regulating this illicit trade. As the demand for gold continues to rise, especially in the wake of soaring prices, addressing the root causes of smuggling and promoting responsible mining practices becomes imperative to mitigate its adverse impacts on communities and the environment.