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Durga Ashtothram (In
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Goddess Durga is a fierce form of Devi, the Mother, and the all-powerful almighty goddess. According to a legend Mahishasura, the king of Demons, being granted a certain boon from Lord Shiva, started his tyranny over the Heaven and Devas. Scared and hopeless, the Gods earnestly requested Lord Brahma, Lord Vishnu and Lord Shiva to kill Mahishasura. Then from these three gods, a divine vigour came out as blinding light and Goddess Parvathi evolved from the light with many arms as the magnificent Goddess Durga. She was as beautiful as she was deadly. Durga was born fully-grown and is depicted as extremely beautiful and full of rage. The Gods called Goddess Durga, the invincible one, and armed her with all their weapons. Thus armed, Durga rode to the top of a mountain on a lion. In a bloody battle, she defeated Mahish and his army of demons and thus saved the universe from this demon’s menace.
Goddess Durga represents the power of the Supreme Being that preserves moral order and righteousness in the creation. The Sanskrit word Durga means a fort or a place that is protected and thus difficult to reach. Durga, also called Divine Mother, protects mankind from evil and misery by destroying evil forces such as selfishness, jealousy, prejudice, hatred, anger and ego. She is also called by many other names apart from Parvati, Ambika and Manasi. Other names being Tribhuvaneshwari, Pankajadharini, Surashreshtta, Varada, Pashupriya, Santati, Ratri, Kshma, Sharanya, Saukhayada, Arogyada, Ayurda, Rackshasamardini, Mahishasuramadini, Adya and Gorja.
Goddess Durga is shown in a female form, wearing red clothes. She has many arms, carrying many objects in Her hands. The red colour symbolizes action and the red clothes signify that She is always busy destroying evil and protecting mankind from pain and suffering caused by the evil forces. A tiger symbolizes unlimited power. Durga riding a tiger indicates that She possesses unlimited power and uses it to protect virtue and destroy evil. The eighteen arms of Durga signify that She possesses combined power of the nine incarnations of Lord Vishnu that have appeared on earth at different times in the past.
The tenth incarnation, the Kalki (a man on a white horse), is still to come. Thus, Goddess Durga represents a united front of all the Divine forces against the negative forces of evil and wickedness. The sound that emanates from a conch is the sound of the sacred syllable AUM, which is said to be the sound of creation. A conch in one of the Goddess's hands signifies the ultimate victory of virtue over evil and righteousness over unrighteousness. Other weapons in the hands of Durga such as a mace, sword, disc, arrow, and trident convey the idea that one weapon cannot destroy different kinds of enemies. Different weapons must be used to fight enemies depending upon the circumstances. For example, selfishness must be destroyed by detachment, jealousy by desirelessness, prejudice by self-knowledge, and ego by discrimination.
Goddess Durga is worshipped on Tuesdays at the precise Ragu Kaalam. Ragu kaala poojas are performed at all Shiva temples on Tuesdays. Devotees light lamps made with lime. (Two limes are to be cut, and the juice is to be squeezed in the peedam. Then the lime is turned in such a way that the peel will hold oil/ghee. A fresh cotton thiri is immersed and the lamps are lit). It is believed that Goddess Durga will redeem her devotees, who appease her with poojas on Tuesdays, from their sufferings. Goddess Durga is a Mother and she loves her children. The following sloka is a paryer to Goddess Durga.
"yaa devie sarvabhuuteshhu maatru roopineh sansthitaah.
yaa devie sarvabhuuteshhu shakthi roopineh sansthitaah
yaa devie sarvabhuuteshhu shaanti roopineh sansthitash
namastasyaih namastasyaih namastasyaih namo namaha"
O mother, who is present everywhere, who is embodiment of Universal Mother,
O mother, who is present everywhere, who is embodiment of Power and Energy,
O mother, who is present everywhere, who is embodiment of Peace,
I bow to thee, I bow to thee, I bow to thee.
Sree Durga Dhyanam
sarva sroop-eh sarveseh
sarva shakthi smanvidhey
payepyas thrahi noh devi
durga devi namohsthuthey
Sree Durga Astottara Shatanamavali
Om Drugayai namah
Om Shivayai namah
Om Maha-lakshmyai namah
Om Maha-gouryai namah
Om Chandikaye namah
Om Sarva-gynayai namah
Om Sarva-lokeshayai namah
Om Sarva karma-phala-pradayai namah
Om Sarva teerdha-mayai namah
Om Pun-yayai namah
Om Deva-yonaye namah
Om Ayoni-jaayai namah
Om Bhume-jaayai namah
Om Nirgu-nayai namah
Om Aadhara-shaktyai namah
Om Aanee-shvaryai namah
Om Nirgu-nayai namah
Om Niramham-karayai namah
Om Sarva-garva-vimar-dhinyai namah
Om Sarva-loka-priyayai namah
Om Vaanyai namah
Om Sarva-vidyadhi-devataayai namah
Om Parvatyai namah
Om Devamatre namah
Om Vanee-shayai namah
Om Vindya-vasinyai namah
Om Tejo-vatyai namah
Om Maha-matre namah
Om Koti-surya-sama-prabhayai namah
Om Deva-tayai namah
Om Vahni-rupayai namah
Om Sate-jase namah
Om Varna-rupinyai namah
Om Guna-shayayai namah
Om Guna-madhyayai namah
Om Guna-traya-vivarji-tayai namah
Om Karma-gynana-pradayai namah
Om Kantayai namah
Om Sarva-samhara-karinyai namah
Om Dharma-gynanayai namah
Om Dharma-nistayai namah
Om Sarva-karma-vivardhi-tayai namah
Om Kamakshmai namah
Om Kama-samhartyai namah
Om Kama-krodha-vivarji-tayai namah
Om Shan-karyai namah
Om Sham-bhavyai namah
Om Shan-tayai namah
Om Chandra-suryagni-lochanayai namah
Om Suja-yayai namah
Om Jaya-bhumi-shtayai namah
Om Jaahnavyai namah
Om Jana-puji-tayai namah
Om Shastrasyai namah
Om Shastra-mayyai namah
Om Nityayai namah
Om Shubhayai namah
Om Chandhrardha-mastakayai namah
Om Bharatyai namah
Om Bramaryai namah
Om Kalpayai namah
Om Karalyai namah
Om Krushana-pingalayai namah
Om Bramhai namah
Om Narayanyai namah
Om Roudryai namah
Om Chandra-mruta-pari-srutayai namah
Om Jyeshtayai namah
Om Indirayai namah
Om Maha-mayayai namah
Om Jagat-grushtya-dhika-rinyai namah
Om Bramhanda-koti-samsdha-nayai namah
Om Kaminyai namah
Om Kamalaa-layayai namah
Om katya-yanyai namah
Om Kalaa-teetayai namah
Om Kala-samhara-karinyai namah
Om Yoga-nishtayai namah
Om Yogi-gamyayai namah
Om Yogi-dyeyayai namah
Om Tapa-svinyai namah
Om Gynana-pupayai namah
Om Niraka-rayai namah
Om Bhakta-bhishta-phala-pradayai namah
Om Bhutatme-kayai namah
Om Bhuta-matre namah
Om Bhute-shyai namah
Om Bhuta-darinyai namah
Om Svadhayai namah
Om Naree-madhya-gatayai namah
Om Shada-dharadi-vardhinyai namah
Om Mohitam-shubha-dayai namah
Om Shubhrayai namah
Om Sukshmayai namah
Om Matrayai namah
Om Nirala-sayai namah
Om Nimna-gayai namah
Om Neela-samka-shayai namah
Om Nitya-nandayai namah
Om Harayai namah
Om Paraayai namah
Om Sarva-gynana-pradayai namah
Om Anamtayai namah
Om Satyayai namah
Om Durlabha-rupinyai namah
Om Sarasvatyai namah
Om Sarva-gatayai namah
Om Sarva-bheeshta-prada-inyai namah
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